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In the age of sustainability, terms like compostable and biodegradable are everywhere, printed on packaging, mentioned in product descriptions, and requested by customers who want to reduce their environmental footprint. But while the two terms are often used interchangeably, they don’t mean the same thing.
Understanding the difference is essential for making informed and responsible purchasing decisions, especially in sectors like foodservice, catering, retail and events, where disposable products are widely used.
In this guide, we break down the key differences between compostable and biodegradable materials — and help you choose the solution that best fits your needs and your sustainability goals.
What Does “Biodegradable” Really Mean?
A biodegradable product is something that breaks down naturally through the action of microorganisms like bacteria or fungi. However:
- There is no set time limit for how long it takes to degrade
- It may leave behind microplastics or residues
- The term is not regulated consistently across the EU or UK
This means that while a material labelled “biodegradable” might break down eventually, it may not do so in a way that’s truly eco-friendly, especially if not disposed of correctly.
What About “Compostable”?
Compostable materials not only biodegrade, but do so in specific, controlled conditions, turning into non-toxic compost that can enrich soil. They must:
- Fully break down within a set timeframe (typically 90 days)
- Leave no harmful residue or toxins
- Comply with EU standards, such as EN 13432 for industrial composting
At deSter x nupik, many of our products, like compostable cutlery and takeaway containers, are made from plant-based materials that meet these compostability standards.
Industrial vs Home Composting
Not all compostable products are the same. It’s important to distinguish between:
Industrial Composting
- Requires high heat and humidity
- Typically carried out in specialised facilities
- Applies to most compostable food packaging and cutlery
Home Composting
- Lower temperature and slower process
- Only certain products qualify (certified “OK Compost HOME”)
- Ideal for household food waste or garden compost
If you’re supplying customers or retailers, labelling matters, compostable doesn’t always mean it can go in the garden bin.
Why the Difference Matters in Product Selection
For businesses, especially those in hospitality, catering, food delivery, and retail, choosing compostable over generic biodegradable products has clear advantages:
- Compliance with EU environmental directives
- Improved consumer trust (no greenwashing)
- Better waste management partnerships with local composting services
- Clearer labelling and end-of-life guidance for customers
When you choose compostable, you’re choosing a certified circular lifecycle.
How deSter x nupik Supports Responsible Choices
We offer a wide range of eco-designed, compostable solutions across categories like:
- Paper and Wood Cutlery
- Takeaway containers and drinkware
- Retail-ready packaging with compostability icons and disposal info
Each product is labelled with its end-of-life pathway, including whether it is compostable in industrial settings, home compostable, or recyclable.
We also design our display solutions to help retailers educate end customers at the point of sale — making sustainability a shared responsibility.
What to Look Out For: Being Mindful with Green Claims
With sustainability becoming a key purchase driver, terms like “eco-friendly”, “green plastic”, or “biodegradable” are increasingly common. While many suppliers are committed to responsible practices, it’s important for buyers to remain attentive and well-informed when evaluating product claims.
To make confident, responsible choices, we recommend:
- Checking for official certifications
- Requesting clear end-of-life guidance to understand how the product should be disposed of
- Seeking transparent, evidence-based environmental claims supported by documentation
This level of attention is particularly valuable when serving eco-conscious customers or operating in regions with strict environmental regulations, where compliance and credibility truly matter.
Choose Clarity, Choose Responsibility
Choosing between compostable and biodegradable is not just a technical distinction, it’s a strategic decision that reflects your values, brand, and environmental impact.
At deSter x nupik, we’re here to help you navigate this choice with certified, reliable, and high-performing solutions that align with European sustainability goals.